interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer

interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer

*System Unit

 

·         is a case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data.

 

*Motherboard

 

·         is the main circuit board of the system unit

 

*Chip

 

·         a computer ____ is a small piece of semi-conducting material, usually silicon, on which integrated circuits are etched.

 

*Processor

 

·         interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer

 

*Control Unit

 

·         The _________________________ is the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer

 

Arithmetic Logic Unit

 

·         is the component of the processor that performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations

 

Machine Cycle

 

·         Together, four operations (fetching, decoding, executing, and storing) comprise a(n

 

System Clock

 

·         The processor relies on a small quartz crystal circuit called the _________________________ to control the timing of all computer operations.

 

*Clock Speed

 

·         The pace of the system clock, called the _______, is measured by the number of ticks per second

 

Byte

 

·         When 8 bits are grouped together as a unit, they form a(n

 

Memory

 

·         _____ consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processed data (information).

 

*Nonvolatile

 

·         memory does not lose its contents when power is removed from the computer.

 

Cache

 

·         Most of today's computers improve processing time with _________________________, which stores frequently used instructions and data.

 

ROM

 

·         refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions

 

Access Time

 

·         _________________________ is the amount of time it takes the processor to read data, instructions, and information from memory.

 

expansion slot

 

·         A(n) _________________________ is a socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card.

 

USB Flash Drive

 

·         an __________ is a flash memory device that plugs in a USB port on a computer or portable device.

 

Port

 

·         An___is the point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with the system unit so it can send data or receive information from the computer.

 

Connector

 

·         A ___ joins a cable to a peripheral.

 

Serial Port

 

·         A(n) _____ is a type of interface that connects a device to the system unit by transmitting data one bit at a time.

 

Parallel Port

 

·         Unlike a serial port, a(n) _____ is an interface that connects devices by transferring more than one bit at a time

 

USB Port

 

·         A(n) _________________________ is an interface that can connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a single connector.

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